btpsБезопасность техногенных и природных системSafety of Technogenic and Natural Systems2541-9129Don State Technical University10.23947/2541-9129-2023-7-2-102-112btps-258Research ArticleХИМИЧЕСКИЕ ТЕХНОЛОГИИ, НАУКИ О МАТЕРИАЛАХ, МЕТАЛЛУРГИЯCHEMICAL TECHNOLOGIES, MATERIALS SCIENCES, METALLURGYВлияние текстурных эффектов на работоспособность лазерно-облученного инструментаInfluence of Texture Effects on the Laser-Irradiated Tool PerformanceБроверГ. И.BroverG. I.

Бровер Галина Ивановна, профессор кафедры «Материаловедение и технологии металлов», доктор технических наук

344003, г. Ростов-на-Дону, пл. Гагарина, 1

Galina I. Brover, professor of the Materials Science and Metal Technology Department, Dr. Sci. (Eng.)

1, Gagarin Sq., Rostov-on-Don, 344003, RF

abrover@mail.ruЩербаковаЕ. Е.ShcherbakovaE. E.

Щербакова Елена Евгеньевна, доцент кафедры «Материаловедение и технологии металлов», кандидат технических наук

344003, г. Ростов-на-Дону, пл. Гагарина, 1

Elena E. Shcherbakova, associate professor of the Materials Science and Metal Technology Department

1, Gagarin Sq., Rostov-on-Don, 344003, RF

bsherbakovaee@mail.ruДонской государственный технический университетРоссияDon State Technical UniversityRussian Federation20230606202302102112Copyright © Бровер Г.И., Щербакова Е.Е., 20232023Бровер Г.И., Щербакова Е.Е.Brover G.I., Shcherbakova E.E.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.bps-journal.ru/jour/article/view/258Введение

Введение. Лазерная поверхностная обработка изделий машиностроения позволяет увеличить их долговечность. Однако процесс лазерного упрочнения не отличается стабильностью получаемых результатов, так как при выборе режимов и схем облучения конкретных изделий не учитываются текстурные эффекты в зонах лазерного воздействия. Это приводит к преждевременному износу и даже разрушению рабочих поверхностей облученных изделий. Поэтому целью работы явилось исследование механизма влияния строения лазерно-закаленного слоя на эксплуатационные свойства инструмента.

Материалы и методы

Материалы и методы. Материалами для данного исследования послужили инструментальные стали Р6М5 и Р18. Импульсное лазерное облучение проводилось на технологической установке «Квант-16» с плотностью мощности излучения 70–250 МВт/м2. Использовались сканирующая зондовая и оптическая микроскопия, рентгеноструктурный и дюрометрический методы анализа структуры сталей. Определялись значения прочности сталей на изгиб и ударную вязкость до и после лазерной обработки.

Результаты исследования

Результаты исследования. Экспериментально доказано, что упрочнять следует участки рабочих поверхностей изделий, подверженные максимальному износу и находящиеся при эксплуатации под действием сжимающих напряжений. Показано, что текстурные эффекты в зонах лазерной обработки приводят к понижению коэффициентов трения и способствуют повышению износо- и адгезионной стойкости поверхностных слоев сталей.

Обсуждение и заключения

Обсуждение и заключения. Результаты проведенных исследований позволяют осуществлять рациональный выбор режимов и схем поверхностной лазерной обработки изделий различного функционального назначения и гарантированно обеспечивать их работоспособность. Определены возможности повышения конструкционной прочности и свойств инструмента за счет проведения лазерного легирования поверхностных слоев сталей из порошковых покрытий и проведения после лазерного облучения стабилизирующего отпуска. 

Introduction

Introduction. Laser surface treatment of mechanical engineering products makes it possible to increase their durability. However, the laser hardening process is not good at the consistency of results, since choosing the irradiation modes and schemes of specific products, texture effects in the zones of laser exposure are not taken into account. This leads to premature wearing and even destructing the working surfaces of irradiated products. Therefore, the work objective is to study the mechanism of influence of the structure of the laser-hardened layer on the operational properties of the tool.

Materials and Methods

Materials and Methods. The materials for this study were tool steels: R6M5 and R18 (according to the EN 10027 standard tool steels: 1.3355, 1.3343). Pulsed laser irradiation was carried out at the technological device Kvant-16 with a radiation power density of 70–250 MW/m2. Scanning probe and optical microscopy, X-ray diffraction and durometric methods for analyzing the steels structure were used. The values of steel strength in bending and impact strength were determined before and after laser treatment.

Results

Results. It has been experimentally proven that it is necessary to strengthen the sections of the products working surfaces that are subject to maximum wear and are under the action of compressive stresses during operation. It is shown that textural effects in the laser treatment zones lead to a decrease in the friction coefficients and contribute to an increase in the wear and adhesion resistance of the steels surface layers.

Discussion and Conclusion. The results of the research carried out make it possible to rationally select the surface laser processing modes and schemes of products for various functional purposes and ensure their operability with a guarantee. The possibilities increasing the structural strength and properties of the tool due to laser alloying the surface layers of powder-coated steels and stabilizing tempering after laser irradiation are determined.

лазерное облучениелегированные сталиструктурасвойстваизносостойкостьадгезионная стойкостьlaser irradiationalloy steelsstructurepropertieswear resistanceadhesion resistanceАвторы выражают благодарность рецензентам, чья критическая оценка представленных материалов и высказанные предложения по их усовершенствованию способствовали значительному повышению качества настоящей статьи.The authors express their gratitude to the reviewers, whose critical assessment of the submitted materials and suggestions contributed to a significant improvement in the quality of this article.ReferencesTingting G., Suiyuan C., Xueting C., et al. Effect of laser incident energy on microstructures and mechanical properties of 12CrNi2Y alloy steel by direct laser deposition. Journal of Materials Science & Technology. 2019;35(2): 395–402. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmst.2018.10.024Tingting G, Suiyuan C, Xueting C, et al. 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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.