<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.3 20210610//EN" "JATS-journalpublishing1-3.dtd">
<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">btps</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Безопасность техногенных и природных систем</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Safety of Technogenic and Natural Systems</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="epub">2541-9129</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Don State Technical University</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.23947/2541-9129-2024-8-4-16-28</article-id><article-id custom-type="edn" pub-id-type="custom">WUEXOJ</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">btps-412</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ТЕХНОСФЕРНАЯ БЕЗОПАСНОСТЬ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>TECHNOSPHERE SAFETY</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Обоснование критериев и оценка экологической безопасности при эксплуатации объектов метрополитена</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Justification of Criteria and Assessment of Environmental Safety during the Operation of Metro Facilities</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0007-6492-6696</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Жуков</surname><given-names>С. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zhukov</surname><given-names>S. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Сергей Анатольевич Жуков, генеральный директор</p><p>101000, г. Москва, пер. Сверчков, 4/1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Sergey A. Zhukov, CEO</p><p>4/1, Sverchkov Lane, Moscow, 101000</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">fragrante@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>АО «Мосинжпроект»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Mosinzhproekt AO</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>27</day><month>11</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>16</fpage><lpage>28</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Жуков С.А., 2024</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Жуков С.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Zhukov S.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.bps-journal.ru/jour/article/view/412">https://www.bps-journal.ru/jour/article/view/412</self-uri><abstract><p>Введение. В современном мире, где темпы урбанизации неуклонно растут, экологическая безопасность выступает в качестве критического аспекта городского планирования и управления. Эксплуатация метрополитенов, будучи важной частью городской инфраструктуры, вносит свой вклад в мобильность населения, но также может стать источником значительных экологических проблем. Данная тема исследована в трудах таких ученых, как Е.Ю. Куликова, Д.С. Конюхов, Е.В. Потапова, С.В. Баловцев, Д.Ю. Чунюк и др. Однако в их работах практически не учитывается тот факт, что одной из основных угроз экологической безопасности является ухудшение состояния тоннельной обделки под воздействием гидрогеологических процессов, которые не только усиливают риск аварийных ситуаций, но и повышают вероятность негативного воздействия на подземные воды и окружающую среду в целом. Поэтому исследование характера развития дефектов в тоннельных обделках и их динамики представляет научно-практический интерес и является целью данной работы. Для реализации поставленной цели необходимо проанализировать связи между состоянием тоннельной обделки и экологической безопасностью, основываясь на данных о дефектах конструкций тоннелей метрополитена и их влиянии на окружающую среду.Материалы и методы. Материалами для данного исследования послужили дефектные участки обделки перегонных тоннелей некоторых линий Московского метрополитена. Проведены натурные исследования состояния обделки и геодезическая съемка туннеля, которые продемонстрировали значительные изменения показателей, по сравнению с нормативными, в результате взаимодействия техногенной среды с окружающей природой. При проведении исследования использованы также методы сейсмоакустического обследования обделки тоннеля с помощью ударного возбуждения.Результаты исследования. Получены данные о зависимости развития дефектов от изменения уровня грунтовых вод. Дефекты тоннельной обделки способствуют утечке химически активных веществ в грунт и подземные воды, что угрожает биоразнообразию и снижает качество воды, используемой населением.Обсуждение и заключение. Проведенные натурные изыскания показали, что дефекты тоннельной обделки, такие как трещины, выщелачивание бетона и нарушение гидроизоляции, оказывают прямое влияние на экологическую безопасность. Таким образом, поддержание целостности тоннельной обделки является ключевым элементом обеспечения экологической безопасности в городских условиях. Результаты проведенных исследований будут служить фундаментом для разработки комплексных предложений по улучшению методов мониторинга и обеспечения структурной целостности тоннельных конструкций</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Introduction. In today's world, with the increasing pace of urbanization, environmental safety plays a crucial role in urban planning and management. Subway operations, as an important part of urban infrastructure, contribute to population mobility, but they can also cause significant environmental problems. Such scientists as Kulikova E.Yu., Konyukhov D.S., Potapova E.V., Balovtsev S.V., Chunyuk D.Yu., etc have studied these issues. However, their research mostly ignores the fact that one of the major threats to environmental safety is the degradation of tunnel linings due to hydrogeological processes. This not only increases the risk of accidents but also increases the likelihood of negative impacts on groundwater and the environment. Therefore, the study of the nature of the development of defects in tunnel linings and their dynamics over time is of both scientific and practical interest, and is the aim of this research. To achieve this objective, it is necessary to analyze the relationship between the condition of the tunnel lining and environmental safety based on data about defects in subway tunnel structures and their impact on the environment.Materials and Methods. For this study, we used defective sections of the subway tunnel linings from several lines of the Moscow Metro as materials. We conducted field studies of the lining's condition and geodetic surveys of the tunnels, which revealed significant changes in the indicators compared to the normative values as a result of the interaction between the human-made environment and the surrounding nature. Additionally, we employed seismoacoustic inspection methods to inspect the tunnel linings using shock excitation.Results. Data on the dependence of defect development on changes in groundwater level has been obtained. Defects in tunnel linings contribute to the leakage of chemically active substances into soil and groundwater, which threatens biodiversity and reduces water quality used by the population.Discussion and Conclusion. Field surveys have shown that defects in tunnel linings, such as cracks, concrete leaching, and waterproofing violations, have a direct impact on environmental safety. Therefore, maintaining the integrity of these structures is a key element in ensuring environmental safety in urban areas. The results of this research will form the basis for developing comprehensive proposals to improve monitoring techniques and ensure the structural integrity of tunnel structures.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>метрополитен</kwd><kwd>экологическая безопасность</kwd><kwd>устойчивое развитие</kwd><kwd>городская транспортная система</kwd><kwd>экологические стандарты</kwd><kwd>инновационные технологии</kwd><kwd>риски</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>metro</kwd><kwd>environmental safety</kwd><kwd>sustainable development</kwd><kwd>urban transport system</kwd><kwd>environmental standards</kwd><kwd>innovative technologies</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Куликова Е.Ю., Баловцев С.В., Скопинцева О.В. Комплексная оценка геотехнических рисков в шахтном и подземном строительстве. Устойчивое развитие горных территорий. 2023;15(1):7–16. http://doi.org/10.21177/1998-4502-2023-15-1-7-16</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kulikova EYu, Balovtsev SV, Skopintseva OV. Complex Estimation of Geotechnical Risks in Mine and Underground Construction. Sustainable development of mountain territories. 2023;15(1):7–16. (In Russ.) http://doi.org/10.21177/1998-4502-2023-15-1-7-16</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Куликова Е.Ю. Управление безопасностью и риском в подземном строительстве как сложный информационный процесс. Горный информационно-аналитический бюллетень (научно-технический журнал). 2021;2(1):134–143. http://doi.org/10.25018/0236-1493-2021-21-0-134-143</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kulikova EYu. Safety and Risk Management in Underground Construction as a Complex Information. Mining informational and analytical bulletin (scientific and technical journal). 2021;2(1):134–143. (In Russ.) http://doi.org/10.25018/0236-1493-2021-21-0-134-143</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit3"><label>3</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Xi-Cun He, Ye-Shuang Xu, Shui-Long Shen, An-Nan Zhou. Geological Environment Problems during Metro Shield Tunnelling in Shenzhen, China. Arabian Journal of Geosciences. 2020;13(2):87. http://doi.org/10.1007/s12517-020-5071-z</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Xi-Cun He, Ye-Shuang Xu, Shui-Long Shen, An-Nan Zhou. Geological Environment Problems during Metro Shield Tunnelling in Shenzhen, China. Arabian Journal of Geosciences. 2020;13(2):87. http://doi.org/10.1007/s12517-020-5071-z</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit4"><label>4</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ye-Shuang Xu, Jack Shuilong Shen, An-Nan Zhou, Arul Arulrajah. Geological and Hydrogeological Environment with Geohazards during Underground Construction in Hangzhou: A Review. Arabian Journal of Geosciences. 2018;11:544. http://doi.org/10.1007/s12517-018-3894-7</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ye-Shuang Xu, Jack Shuilong Shen, An-Nan Zhou, Arul Arulrajah. Geological and Hydrogeological Environment with Geohazards during Underground Construction in Hangzhou: A Review. Arabian Journal of Geosciences. 2018;11:544. http://doi.org/10.1007/s12517-018-3894-7</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit5"><label>5</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Xing-Tao Lin, Ren-Peng Chen, Huai-Na Wu, Hong-Zhan Cheng. Deformation Behaviors of Existing Tunnels Caused by Shield Tunneling Undercrossing with Oblique Angle. Tunneling and Underground Space Technology. 2019;89:78–90. http://doi.org/10.1016/j.tust.2019.03.021</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Xing-Tao Lin, Ren-Peng Chen, Huai-Na Wu, Hong-Zhan Cheng. Deformation Behaviors of Existing Tunnels Caused by Shield Tunneling Undercrossing with Oblique Angle. Tunneling and Underground Space Technology. 2019;89:78–90. http://doi.org/10.1016/j.tust.2019.03.021</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit6"><label>6</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Merisalu J, Sundell J, Rosén L. Probabilistic Cost-Benefit Analysis for Mitigating Hydrogeological Risks in Underground Construction. Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology. 2023;131:104815. http://doi.org/10.1016/j.tust.2022.104815</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Merisalu J, Sundell J, Rosén L. Probabilistic Cost-Benefit Analysis for Mitigating Hydrogeological Risks in Underground Construction. Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology. 2023;131:104815. http://doi.org/10.1016/j.tust.2022.104815</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit7"><label>7</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Конюхов Д.С. Критериальный анализ современных технологий подземного строительства. Геотехника. 2021;1:40–55.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Konyukhov DS. Criteria Analysis of Modern Technologies of Underground Construction. Geotechnics. 2021;1:40–55. (In Russ.)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit8"><label>8</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Konyukhov DS. Analysis of Mechanized Tunneling Parameters to Determine the Overcutting Characteristics. Mining Science and Technology (Russia). 2022;7(1):49–56 http://doi.org/10.17073/2500-0632-2022-1-49-56</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Konyukhov DS. Analysis of Mechanized Tunneling Parameters to Determine the Overcutting Characteristics. Mining Science and Technology (Russia). 2022;7(1):49–56 http://doi.org/10.17073/2500-0632-2022-1-49-56</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit9"><label>9</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Lebedev MO. Choosing a Calculation Method for Stress-Strain of Supports and Lining of Transport Tunnels. In: 16th World Conference of the Associated Research Centers for the Urban Underground Space (ACUUS 2018). Hong Kong; 2018, P. 678–687.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Lebedev MO. Choosing a Calculation Method for Stress-Strain of Supports and Lining of Transport Tunnels. In: 16th World Conference of the Associated Research Centers for the Urban Underground Space (ACUUS 2018). Hong Kong; 2018, P. 678–687.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit10"><label>10</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Гарбер В.А. Нештатные ситуации в подземных транспортных сооружениях. Подземные горизонты. 2018;16:20–25.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Garber VA. Non-Standard Situations in Underground Transport Facilities. Underground Horizons. 2018;16:20–25. (In Russ.)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit11"><label>11</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Куликова Е.Ю. Методические основы повышения эколого-технологической надежности городских подземных сооружений. Горный информационно-аналитический бюллетень (научно-технический журнал). 2020;6(1):176–185. http://doi.org/10.25018/0236-1493-2020-61-0-176-185</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kulikova EYu. Methodical Principles for Improving the Ecological and Technological Reliability of Urban Underground Structures. Mining informational and analytical bulletin (scientific and technical journal). 2020;6(1): 176–185. (In Russ.) http://doi.org/10.25018/0236-1493-2020-61-0-176-185</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit12"><label>12</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kulikova EYu, Balovtsev SV. Risk Control System for the Construction of Urban Underground Structures. IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering. 2020;962(4):042020. http://doi.org/10.1088/1757-899X/962/4/042020</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kulikova EYu, Balovtsev SV. Risk Control System for the Construction of Urban Underground Structures. IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering. 2020;962(4):042020. http://doi.org/10.1088/1757-899X/962/4/042020</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit13"><label>13</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Потапова Е.В. Типология сооружений метрополитена для задач классификации геотехнических рисков. Горные науки и технологии. 2021;6(1):52–60. http://doi.org/10.17073/2500-0632-2021-1-52-60</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Potapova EV. Typology of Metro Structures for the Tasks of Geotechnical Risk Classification. Mining Science and Technology (Russia). 2021;6(1):52–60. (In Russ.) http://doi.org/10.17073/2500-0632-2021-1-52-60</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit14"><label>14</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kuepferle J, Röttger A, Theisen W, Alber M. Wear Prediction for Soft-Ground Tunneling Tools — A New Approach Regarding the Dominant Influencing Factors in the Tribological System of Tunneling Tools. In: Proceeding of the World Tunnel Congress 2017 — Surface challenges — Underground solutions. Bergen, Norway; 2017</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kuepferle J, Röttger A, Theisen W, Alber M. Wear Prediction for Soft-Ground Tunneling Tools — A New Approach Regarding the Dominant Influencing Factors in the Tribological System of Tunneling Tools. In: Proceeding of the World Tunnel Congress 2017 — Surface challenges — Underground solutions. Bergen, Norway; 2017</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list><fn-group><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.</p></fn></fn-group></back></article>
