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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">btps</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Безопасность техногенных и природных систем</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Safety of Technogenic and Natural Systems</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="epub">2541-9129</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Don State Technical University</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.23947/2541-9129-2025-9-2-102-111</article-id><article-id custom-type="edn" pub-id-type="custom">IJSTIP</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">btps-466</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ТЕХНОСФЕРНАЯ БЕЗОПАСНОСТЬ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>TECHNOSPHERE SAFETY</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Оценка потенциальной опасности ядовитых растений города Ростова-на-Дону</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Assessment of the Potential Risk of Poisonous Plants in Rostov-on-Don</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4797-5561</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Середа</surname><given-names>М. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sereda</surname><given-names>M. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Михаил Михайлович Середа, кандидат биологических наук, доцент, заведующий кафедрой ботаники и биоресурсов факультета биоинженерии и ветеринарной медицины</p><p>344003, г. Ростов-на-Дону, пл. Гагарина, 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Mikhail M. Sereda, Cand. Sci. (Biol.), Associate Professor, Head of the Department of Botany and Bioresources, Faculty of Bioengineering and Veterinary Medicine</p><p>1, Gagarin Sq., Rostov-on-Don, 344003</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">seredam@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Донской государственный технический университет</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Don State Technical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>09</day><month>06</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>102</fpage><lpage>111</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Середа М.М., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Середа М.М.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Sereda M.M.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.bps-journal.ru/jour/article/view/466">https://www.bps-journal.ru/jour/article/view/466</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Введение</title><p>Введение. Флора большинства городов слабо изучена с точки зрения токсичности, при том что люди и животные рискуют столкнуться с ядовитыми растениями. К тому же на территории населенных пунктов проникают новые потенциально опасные виды. Известны два основных пути их распространения. Первый — естественное увеличение популяции. Второй — внедрение декоративных видов в ландшафтных проектах. Ядовитые растения в городе часто выявляются только при отравлениях, ожогах кожи или глаз. Наиболее уязвимы в этом плане дети. Ситуация в России рассматривалась на примере нескольких городских экосистем, однако проблема распространения токсикофлоры в Ростове-на-Дону не изучалась. Поэтому цель представленной научной работы — оценка потенциальной опасности, которую представляют ядовитые растения в Ростове-на-Дону. </p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. Исследовались ядовитые сосудистые растения, произрастающие в черте Ростова-на-Дону. Данные собирались в ходе полевых работ в 2023–2024 годах маршрутным методом. Также учитывались сведения о ядовитых растениях, обнаруженных в городе с 2007 по 2022 год. Названия видов растений приводятся в соответствии с базой данных Plant List. Класс токсичности определялся по шкале А. Филмера.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты исследования</title><p>Результаты исследования. В Ростове-на-Дону обнаружено 66 видов ядовитых растений (8 % от общего числа видов флоры города). Они относятся к различным классам опасности по степени воздействия на человека и животных. Анализ таксономической структуры токсикофлоры выявил наиболее крупные группы — лютикоцветные (14 видов) и пасленоцветные (6 видов). Потенциально смертельно опасны Hyoscyamus niger, Conium maculatum, Aristolochia clematitis, Convallaria majalis, Ricinus communis и другие (всего 21 вид). Эколого-ценотический анализ показал, что 30 % видов токсических растений связаны с рудеральными местообитаниями — обочинами дорог и заброшенными территориями. 41 % видов ассоциированы с искусственными фитоценозами декоративного назначения. Особенно опасны декоративно ценные растения с ядовитыми плодами: Parthenocissus sp., Phytolacca americana, Wisteria sinensis и др. (всего 14 видов). Биоморфологический анализ токсикофлоры выявил преобладание трав (66 %). Кустарники менее разнообразны (16 %), но широко распространены. </p></sec><sec><title>Обсуждение и заключение</title><p>Обсуждение и заключение. Впервые оценена доля и потенциальная опасность ядовитых растений в экосистеме Ростова-на-Дону. Выявление токсических видов растений, их роли в ландшафте и путей распространения поможет минимизировать риски отравления ядовитыми растениями. Требуют особого внимания бесконтрольно распространяющиеся рудеральные токсические растения, среди которых обнаружены особо опасные виды. При ландшафтных работах и зеленом строительстве следует учитывать токсичность каждого экземпляра. </p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Introduction</title><p>Introduction. The flora of most urban areas has received scant attention regarding toxicity, resulting in the potential for humans and animals to encounter poisonous plants. Furthermore, there is an influx of new potentially hazardous species into populated areas. It is evident that there are two primary mechanisms through which their propagation occurs. The first of these is natural population increase. The second is the introduction of ornamental species in landscape projects. The presence of poisonous plants in urban areas is frequently identified solely on the basis of symptoms including poisoning, dermal and eye burns. Children are the most vulnerable in this regard. The situation in Russia has been examined using the example of several urban ecosystems; however, the distribution of toxic flora in Rostov-on-Don remains unstudied. The aim of this research is to evaluate the potential hazard posed by poisonous plants in Rostov-on-Don. </p></sec><sec><title>Materials and Methods</title><p>Materials and Methods. The research focused on species of poisonous vascular plants growing within the city limits of Rostov-on-Don. The data was collected during fieldwork in 2023–2024 using the route method. Information on the presence of poisonous plants on the territory of the city in 2007–2022 was also taken into account. The names of the plant species are given according to the Plant List database. The toxicity class was determined according to the A. Filmer scale. </p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. In the urban context of Rostov-on-Don, a total of 66 species of poisonous plants were identified (8% of the city's total floral biodiversity). They belonged to diverse hazard categories according to their potential impact on human and animal health. A thorough analysis of taxonomic structure of the toxic flora revealed the most prominent orders: Ranunculales (14 species) and Solanales (6 species). The potentially lethal plants within the city limits included Hyoscyamus niger, Conium maculatum, Aristolochia clematitis, Convallaria majalis, Ricinus communis, and others (21 species). The ecological and cenotic analysis demonstrated that almost one third of the detected toxic plant species (30%) were associated with ruderal habitats, i.e. roadsides and abandoned areas. The majority of species (41%) were found to be associated with artificial phytocenoses that were created for ornamentation. Of particular concern were plants bearing poisonous fruits of high ornamental value. This group comprised 14 species, including Parthenocissus sp., Phytolacca americana, and Wisteria sinensis. A biomorphological analysis of the toxic flora revealed the predominance of perennial and annual grasses (66%). Shrubbery, conversely, exhibited a lower level of diversity (16%), yet demonstrated a more extensive geographical distribution. </p><p>Discussion and Conclusions. This is the first study to assess the potential threat posed by poisonous plants in urban ecosystems within the southern Russian region. The identification of toxic plant species, their role in the urban landscape and ways of their further development will help to minimize poisoning by poisonous plants. Uncontrollably spreading ruderal toxic plants, among which particularly dangerous species have been found, require special attention. During landscaping and green construction, the toxicity of each specimen should be taken into account. </p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>токсикофлора Ростова-на-Дону</kwd><kwd>токсические растения в городах</kwd><kwd>классы токсичности растений</kwd><kwd>рудеральные токсические растения</kwd><kwd>внедрение декоративных токсических растений</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>toxic flora of Rostov-on-Don</kwd><kwd>toxic plants in cities</kwd><kwd>classes of plant toxicity</kwd><kwd>ruderal toxic plants</kwd><kwd>introduction of ornamental toxic plants</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Автор благодарит редакционную команду журнала и рецензента за компетентную экспертизу и ценные рекомендации по улучшению статьи.</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The author would like to thank the Editorial board and the reviewers for their attentive attitude to the article and for the specified comments that improved the quality of the article.</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Plenert B, Prasa D, Hentschel H, Deters M. 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