Introduction. In the construction industry, there has recently been a positive trend towards a decrease in injury rates. The authors have identified the specific conditions of construction work as a source of occurrence of prerequisites for accidents. The paper provides the analysis of a statistical sample of data on accidents and occupational injuries in the construction industry, which shows that the sources of the vast majority of cases of industrial injuries are avoidable factors.
Problem Statement. The objective of this study is to determine the relationship between the accident rate in the construction industry and several factors related to the education and qualifications of employees.
Theoretical Part. As the basic information, the data of statistical reporting on occupational injuries provided by the Federal State Statistics Service, as well as materials from literary sources of domestic and foreign authors, were used. The method of complex assessment of the qualification of personnel is proposed.
Conclusions. Functional dependences of the frequency of accidents at the enterprise on the criterion of qualification of personnel are determined. Based on the results obtained, it can be concluded that the level of education of employees of construction enterprises, the correspondence of their basic education to the profile of the enterprise's activities and the frequency of professional development positively affect the overall state of the occupational safety system at the enterprise, including the reduction in the number of accidents.

Introduction. The paper analyzes the requirements for the implementation of occupational risk assessment at the enterprise. Until recently, this procedure did not actually have the necessary legislative basis, so the authors offer a detailed review of the key changes in the normative-legal regulation of occupational safety, which specifically touched upon the management of occupational risks.
Problem Statement. The purpose of this study is a detailed consideration of innovations in the field of the occupational safety, which came into force on March 1, 2022.
Theoretical Part. The Labor Code of the Russian Federation was used as the basic information for the study.
Conclusions. The results of the analysis indicate the need to create effective tools for the regulatory procedure of occupational risk assessment.

Introduction. The article discusses the harmful factors of foundry production. The authors analyze and evaluate the workplace of the operator of the shot blasting chamber and offer technical solutions to improve working conditions and reduce the development of occupational diseases.
Problem Statement. The objective of this study is to assess the impact of noise and dust pollution on the production sites of the foundry.
Theoretical Part. In the course of the study, the most polluted areas were identified with the exceeding permissible values of the considered indicators of noise level and dust content. These are the areas of shake-out grids and casting cleaning. Measures to improve the situation were proposed, such as: organization of acoustics taking into account the characteristics of the production room (acoustic screens, soundproof partitions), a suitable sound absorption area of the premises, the improvement of sound absorption by upgrading the body of the shot blasting chamber.
Conclusions. The results of the analysis indicate a sufficiently high level of influence of harmful production factors on the operators of the shot blasting section of the foundry and the need to strengthen labor protection in this area.

Introduction. The article analyzes the methods of assessing the fire hazard level of operated buildings (structures). The indicator "the proportion of people injured in fires from the total number of people injured in fires" is proposed to assess the fire hazard level of operated buildings (structures).
Problem Statement. To assess the fire hazard level of operated buildings (structures), various indicators are used that do not take into account the number of people present at the facility during the fire, but are dependent on this value. The calculation of the indicator "the proportion of people injured in fires from the total number of people injured in fires" as an additional one allows us to estimate the magnitude of fire hazard factors at facilities without taking into account the number of people who were at the protection facility during the fire.
Theoretical Part. As the basic information in the study, the statistics of fires and their consequences for 2017-2020 at operated facilities grouped by functional fire hazard classes were used. The indicators used in the calculation are the number of fires, the number of people killed and the number of injured people.
Conclusions. The indicator "the proportion of people injured in fires from the total number of people injured in fires" evaluates the probability of survival of people caught in the zone of exposure to fire hazards that lead to injury or death of a person, and characterizes the magnitude of fire hazard factors. Large values of this indicator may indicate a low level of fire hazard — the damage to health does not lead to the death of victims. The calculations of this and other indicators for objects of protection by functional fire hazard classes based on statistical data on fires and their social consequences are given. The high level of fire hazard in single-family residential buildings, agricultural buildings and cultural and leisure institutions is shown.

Introduction. The research of energy-absorbing element made of aluminum alloy, which is part of the passive safety system of a racing car, is carried out in the article. Designing and testing of the energy absorbing element was performed within the framework of the technical regulations of the international student engineering competition Formula SAE. Formula SAE is an engineering competition of student teams organized by the Society of Automotive Engineers (SAE).
The design and analysis of the dynamic performance of the research object were performed in the computer-aided design system (CAD) ANSYS® Workbench SpaceClaim and ANSYS Explicit Dynamics.
Problem Statement. The task of this research is to analyze the effectiveness of the use of aluminum alloy as the main material for the manufacture of the energy-absorbing element of the passive safety system of the car.
Theoretical Part. Eleven structures of different shapes (structures) made of aluminum alloy 6063 were developed as promising models of energy-absorbing elements. A simulation crash test (frontal impact) was carried out, as a result of which it was possible to study the flow of deformation in the structure, to find the main zones of stress and load. This study of energy-absorbing elements can be used to justify the choice of material for the manufacture of passive car safety elements by car manufacturers and machine builders.
Conclusions. The result of the research is a simulated process of destruction (or deformation) of the energy-absorbing element responsible for the absorption of energy in case of a frontal impact. The dependence of the manufacturing material and the shape of the energy absorbing element on the qualitative and quantitative characteristics of the passive car safety system has been investigated. Loads and stresses appearing in the structure of energy absorbing element have been studied. The efficiency of using aluminum alloy in promising car passive safety elements has been proved. Simulations of crash-tests showed that the use of progressive materials of construction elements of passive safety of vehicles, namely, aluminum alloys in an optimized (as a result of modeling) performance allows you to achieve high levels of protection of the pilot and passengers of the vehicle.
The analysis of the absorbed energy value distribution allows revealing the direction for further improvement of the car passive safety systems. The influence of energy absorbing element manufacturing material on the processes occurring during frontal impact has been established. A universal technology of crash-testing (modeling of impact processes) of an energy absorbing element with a rigid obstacle has been developed in Ansys software. The percentage ratio (redistribution) of energy absorbed by frontal elements of passive safety of the car has been investigated.

Introduction. Recently, sintered materials and products made of them have been increasingly used in powder metallurgy. In this regard, the issue of obtaining sintered products with high performance properties is acute. To achieve such properties, the materials are subjected to heat treatment. This procedure significantly affects their structure and mechanical properties. In production, sintered materials are most often subjected to subsequent hardening and tempering, as a result of which their equilibrium structure is established, grain growth stops, and strength characteristics improve.
The article discusses the problems that arise in the formation of the qualitative structure of dispersed-hardened alloys as a result of their heat treatment.
Problem Statement. The objective of this work is to study the phase changes in the process of cooling of powder steels and alloys in order to determine the modes of their heat treatment in order to form optimal conditions for the martensitic transformation of austenite.
Theoretical Part. Phase transformations in powder steels occur in the temperature range at which their structures are rearranged, and as a result, the properties of the material change. The main factors affecting the phase transformations are the chemical composition of the alloy, the structure imperfection and the size of the grains. Changes in the structure and properties of alloys are considered in comparison with compact materials. Heat treatment significantly affects the phase and structural characteristics of powder materials, which are related to the mechanical characteristics of the alloys themselves.
Conclusions. The conducted studies have shown that with an increase in the heterogeneity of the solid solution of steels, the temperature of the beginning of the martensitic transformation increased. A decrease in the temperature of the martensitic transformation with an increase in the degree of homogeneity of the solid solution occurs due to its enrichment with carbon and other alloying elements (chromium, molybdenum). With an increase in the percentage of carbon, an increase in the porosity of samples, the starting point of martensitic transformation also decreases. The temperature of the beginning of the martensitic transformation is not affected by carbides that are with austenite. These conclusions will help us to evaluate the mechanical properties of materials, as well as to develop recommendations for the practical application of heat treatment in the manufacture of products of complex shape.

Introduction. The problem of creating new sintered materials is now in the center of attention of the entire domestic community in the field of powder metallurgy. Today, when creating a new class of structural materials, first of all, it is worth paying attention to their strength properties. The article considers technological features in the formation of highquality interparticle splicing of dispersion-strengthened materials. High-quality splicing is primarily determined by the mechanical properties of the alloys, which show the degree of its completeness during sintering. Depending on the density of the materials, the sintering temperature and the percentage of carbon that is introduced into the charge, the mechanical properties of the material also change. The determination of these properties is the main task of the research.
Problem Statement. To determine the strength and plastic characteristics of the materials under consideration, it is necessary to analyze how these characteristics are affected by free carbon introduced into the charge. Determination of mechanical properties will allow us to recommend an alloy with the best characteristics for further research.
Theoretical Part. As a theoretical description, the processes of sintering of dispersion-strengthened alloys, carbon homogenization, and the effect of compaction density and pressure on the mechanical properties of alloys are given.
Conclusions. The obtained mechanical properties show that the addition of 0.8% carbon is sufficient to achieve high strength characteristics. However, the addition of carbon by 20-30% reduces the plastic characteristics of the alloys. The results obtained in this work will help to recommend the material for the manufacture of products with high performance properties.